Overview
Dhofar Governorate is the largest governorate in the Sultanate of Oman by area, located in the southern region bordering Yemen, Saudi Arabia, and the Arabian Sea. The governorate’s capital is Salalah, the second largest city in Oman. Dhofar is distinguished by its unique climate, receiving the annual khareef monsoon from June to September that transforms the coastal mountains into lush green landscapes. The region has been historically famous as the Land of Frankincense, with UNESCO-listed archaeological sites attesting to the ancient frankincense trade. Dhofar’s economy is anchored by the Port of Salalah, tourism, agriculture, fisheries, and government services.
Key Facts
- Largest governorate by area in the Sultanate of Oman
- Capital city of Salalah with a population exceeding 300,000
- Receives the annual khareef monsoon creating unique green landscapes
- Home to UNESCO World Heritage frankincense sites
- Port of Salalah is a major regional container transhipment hub
- Significant agricultural production including coconuts, bananas, and cattle
- Borders Yemen and Saudi Arabia with cross-border trade links
Significance for Vision 2040
Dhofar is central to Vision 2040’s balanced regional development objectives. The governorate’s distinct climate, cultural heritage, and strategic port infrastructure provide a foundation for economic development that is complementary to rather than competitive with northern Oman. Vision 2040 targets Dhofar’s growth through tourism expansion beyond the khareef season, port and logistics development at Salalah, agricultural modernization, and fisheries enhancement. The governorate’s proximity to the Horn of Africa and South Asia also positions it as a gateway for trade with these regions. Developing Dhofar as a strong economic centre reduces migration pressure toward Muscat and ensures that southern Oman’s population has access to employment, education, and services comparable to the national standard.