Overview
Oman’s renewable energy strategy must choose between solar and wind resources for electricity generation and green hydrogen production. Both energy sources have potential in Oman, but their economics, geographic suitability, and deployment timelines differ significantly.
Solar Energy in Oman
Oman receives exceptional solar irradiance, averaging over 2,500 hours of sunshine annually, making it one of the best locations globally for solar energy. The Ibri II solar plant (500 MW) was Oman’s first utility-scale solar project. PDO uses solar-generated steam for enhanced oil recovery at the Miraah plant. Solar costs have dropped dramatically, and Oman plans to deploy several gigawatts of solar capacity by 2030.
Wind Energy in Oman
Oman’s wind resources are concentrated in the Dhofar region and along the Arabian Sea coast, with average wind speeds of 6 to 8 metres per second in optimal locations. The Dhofar Wind Farm (50 MW) was the GCC’s first utility-scale wind project. Wind potential in central and northern Oman is more limited. Offshore wind remains unexplored but could offer additional capacity along Oman’s extensive coastline.
Key Differences
Solar energy has broader geographic applicability across Oman, lower costs, and faster deployment timelines. Wind resources are more geographically concentrated and face intermittency challenges. Solar is better suited for large-scale deployment in desert areas near Duqm and interior regions. Wind is a complementary resource in Dhofar and coastal areas, providing generation during periods of lower solar output.
Verdict / Bottom Line
Solar energy should be the primary renewable energy pillar for Oman, given its superior resource potential and cost profile. Wind energy serves as a valuable complement, particularly in Dhofar. A diversified renewable portfolio combining both sources with battery storage will provide the most reliable and cost-effective clean energy system for Oman’s future.