What Is Oman’s Population?
Short Answer
Oman’s total population is approximately five million people, of whom roughly sixty percent are Omani nationals and forty percent are expatriate residents. The population is relatively young, with a median age around thirty years, and is concentrated along the coastal Batinah plain and in the capital Muscat.
Detailed Answer
Oman’s population has grown substantially over the past five decades, from less than one million in 1970 to over five million today. This growth reflects both natural population increase among Omani citizens and significant inflows of expatriate workers who support the economy across construction, services, oil and gas, and domestic labour.
The demographic composition has important implications for economic policy. The large expatriate workforce creates a dual labour market where nationals and foreign workers often occupy different sectors and wage levels. Omanisation policies aim to increase national participation in the private sector, particularly in higher-skilled and higher-paying roles.
The youthful demographic profile presents both opportunities and challenges. A large cohort of young Omanis entering the labour market each year creates potential for a demographic dividend if employment and training systems are adequate, but risks social pressure if job creation does not keep pace with demand.
Geographically, population density varies enormously. The greater Muscat metropolitan area is home to roughly half the population, while the vast interior desert regions are sparsely inhabited. Secondary population centres include Sohar, Salalah, Nizwa, and Sur, each with distinct economic profiles and cultural characteristics.