Definition
The blue economy encompasses all economic activities related to oceans, seas, and coastal areas, while promoting environmental sustainability and social inclusion. It covers traditional sectors like fisheries and maritime transport as well as emerging industries such as marine biotechnology, offshore renewable energy, and ocean-based tourism. The concept, championed by the World Bank and the United Nations, emphasises that oceanic resources must be managed sustainably so that they continue to support livelihoods, food security, and ecosystem health for future generations.
Context in Oman
Oman’s 3,165-kilometre coastline along the Arabian Sea, the Sea of Oman, and the Strait of Hormuz provides enormous blue-economy potential. The fisheries sector employs over 60,000 workers and contributes meaningfully to non-oil GDP. Oman’s ports at Sohar, Salalah, and Duqm serve as major transhipment hubs on global shipping routes. The country is expanding aquaculture, targeting 200,000 tonnes of farmed-fish production. Marine tourism, including whale watching and diving off the Daymaniyat Islands, adds a growing experiential dimension to the sector.
Connection to Vision 2040
Vision 2040 identifies the blue economy as a strategic diversification pillar. By scaling sustainable fisheries, aquaculture, port logistics, and marine tourism, Oman can generate substantial non-oil revenue and coastal employment. The strategy calls for science-based fisheries management, marine protected areas, and investment in port automation. Research institutions are developing marine biotechnology applications including algae-based feeds and pharmaceuticals, adding high-value dimensions to the blue-economy portfolio.
Key Facts
Oman has 3,165 kilometres of coastline spanning three bodies of water. The fisheries sector employs over 60,000 people directly. Salalah Port is among the top transhipment hubs in the Arabian Sea. Aquaculture production is targeted to reach 200,000 tonnes by 2030. Nine Daymaniyat Islands form a protected nature reserve and popular dive destination. The Fisheries Development Fund supports small-scale coastal communities.